Abstract
Objectives
In adults with type 1 diabetes, resistance exercise (RE) is associated with more stable
blood glucose (BG) levels than aerobic exercise, both during and after exercise. In
individuals without diabetes, growth hormone and epinephrine responses to RE differ
between the sexes. These hormones are known to affect BG levels in individuals with
type 1 diabetes. In this study, we explored whether sex-related differences may exist
in BG responses to RE in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Methods
A secondary data analysis was conducted on pooled data from 2 studies with identical
RE protocols for individuals with type 1 diabetes (13 males, age range 16 to 63 years;
10 females, age range 19 to 45 years). The RE session consisted of 7 resistance-based
exercises performed at 5 pm. Plasma glucose samples were collected before, immediately after and 1 h after exercise.
Interstitial glucose levels were recorded through blinded continuous glucose monitoring
24 h before, during and 24 h after exercise.
Results
There was a significant sex-by-time interaction (p<0.001) in plasma glucose responses
to RE. Plasma glucose decreased significantly in males from 8.6±2.5 to 6.3±2.1 mmol/L
(p<0.001) during exercise, whereas females experienced no significant change (7.2±1.3
to 7.3±1.3 mmol/L, p=0.999). In the 6 h after RE, males developed significantly more
hypoglycemia, as measured by continuous glucose monitoring (p=0.048).
Conclusions
Males may have a greater risk of hypoglycemia with an acute bout of RE than females.
Further research is needed to examine this phenomenon more closely, as sex-specific
recommendations for preventing hypoglycemia around RE may be necessary in type 1 diabetes.
Résumé
Objectifs
Chez les adultes atteints de diabète de type 1, l'entraînement musculaire (EM) est
associé à une glycémie plus stable, durant et après l'exercice. Chez les individus
sans diabète, les réponses à l'hormone de croissance et à l’épinéphrine à l’EM diffèrent
entre les sexes. On sait que ces hormones affectent la glycémie des individus atteints
du diabète de type 1. Dans la présente étude, nous examinons s'il existe des différences
entre les sexes dans la réponse à l’EM chez les individus atteints du diabète de type
1.
Méthodes
Une analyse secondaire de données a été réalisée sur les données regroupées de 2 études
selon des protocoles identiques de l’EM des individus atteints du diabète de type
1 (13 hommes, tranches d’âges de 16 à 63 ans; 10 femmes, tranche d’âges de 19 à 45
ans). La séance d’EM consistait en 7 exercices de musculation effectués à 17 h. Les
échantillons des concentrations plasmatiques de glucose ont été recueillis avant,
immédiatement après et 1 h après les exercices. La surveillance de la glycémie en
continu a permis l'enregistrement des concentrations du glucose interstitiel 24 h
avant, durant et 24 h après les exercices.
Résultats
L'interaction entre les sexes selon le moment était significative (p < 0,001) dans
la réponse des concentrations plasmatiques de glucose à l’EM. Les concentrations plasmatiques
de glucose ont significativement diminué chez les hommes de 8,6±2,5 à 6,3±2,1 mmol/l
(p < 0,001) durant les exercices, tandis que les femmes n'ont montré aucun changement
significatif (de 7,2±1,3 à 7,3±1,3 mmol/l, p = 0,999). Dans les 6 heures qui suivaient
l’EM, la surveillance de la glycémie en continu a montré que les hommes avaient une
hypoglycémie plus importante (p = 0,048).
Conclusions
Les hommes peuvent être exposés à un plus grand risque d'hypoglycémie que les femmes
après une brève séance d’EM. D'autres études sont requises pour examiner de plus près
ce phénomène, alors que des recommandations liées au sexe dans la prévention de l'hypoglycémie
liée à l’EM peuvent être nécessaires lors de diabète de type 1.
Keywords
Mots clés
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 21, 2019
Accepted:
August 7,
2019
Received in revised form:
June 26,
2019
Received:
October 3,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Canadian Diabetes Association.
