Changes in cognition and brain function following 26 weeks of progressive resistance training in older adults at risk for diabetes: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Joyla A. Furlano; Becky R. Horst; Robert J. Petrella; J. Kevin Shoemaker; Lindsay S. Nagamatsu

doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.01.004

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Changes in cognition and brain function following 26 weeks of progressive resistance training in older adults at risk for diabetes: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Joyla A. Furlano
Joyla A. Furlano
Correspondence
Corresponding Author: Joyla A. Furlano, PhD, Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7
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Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7
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Becky R. Horst
Becky R. Horst
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Affiliations
Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 3K7
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Robert J. Petrella
Robert J. Petrella
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Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
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J. Kevin Shoemaker
J. Kevin Shoemaker
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School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON Canada N6A 3K7
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Lindsay S. Nagamatsu
Lindsay S. Nagamatsu
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School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON Canada N6A 3K7
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Published:January 12, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.01.004

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Abstract

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes is associated with deficits in cognition and brain health. Individuals with 1 or more risk factors for diabetes (i.e., obesity, prediabetes) already experience some neurocognitive impairment and are at risk for further decline. One way to combat these deficits is through exercise; however, whether resistance exercise can improve these functions in this at-risk group is unknown.

Methods

This study was a pilot randomized controlled trial. Participants were aged 60-80 and had prediabetes (fasting capillary glucose 6.1-6.9 mmol/L) and/or were overweight or obese (body mass index of 25 or above). Participants completed resistance training or balance and stretching exercise (control) thrice-weekly for 6 months. Neuropsychological tests were used to assess cognitive ability, while functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine brain activation patterns.

Results

Resistance training led to improvements in task-switching, attention, and conflict resolution, as well as improved patterns of brain activation that may mimic healthy older adults.

Conclusions

Resistance exercise may serve as an effective behavioural strategy to improve neurocognition in older adults at risk for type 2 diabetes. A large-scale powered trial is needed to further explore these findings.

Keywords

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Article info

Publication history

Accepted: January 9, 2023

Received in revised form: January 6, 2023

Received: January 30, 2022

Publication stage

In Press Journal Pre-Proof

Footnotes

Author Disclosures: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT03254381)

Key Messages:

•Older adults with prediabetes and/or obesity experience neurocognitive deficits and are at risk of further decline associated with type 2 diabetes.

•In our pilot study, six months of resistance training improved multiple cognitive abilities and brain function in this at-risk population.

Acknowledgements

Funding

This study was funded through Western Strategic Support for CIHR Success.

Author Contributions

Joyla A. Furlano and Lindsay S. Nagamatsu devised the study. Joyla A. Furlano led the data collection and analysis with support from Becky R. Horst and Lindsay S. Nagamatsu. Joyla A. Furlano prepared the manuscript, with edits and contributions from all authors. All authors approved of the final manuscript draft.

Author Disclosures

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Identification

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.01.004

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Changes in cognition and brain function following 26 weeks of progressive resistance training in older adults at risk for diabetes: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keywords

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Article info

Publication history

Publication stage

Footnotes

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